{"id":3120,"date":"2024-08-05T15:36:20","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T15:36:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tun.com\/home\/?p=3120"},"modified":"2024-10-16T21:02:04","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T21:02:04","slug":"caltech-uses-seismic-detectors-and-traffic-noise-to-revolutionize-soil-moisture-measurement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tun.com\/home\/caltech-uses-seismic-detectors-and-traffic-noise-to-revolutionize-soil-moisture-measurement\/","title":{"rendered":"Caltech Uses Seismic Detectors and Traffic Noise to Revolutionize Soil Moisture Measurement"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-blockquote uagb-block-e7eb3fc3 uagb-blockquote__skin-border uagb-blockquote__stack-img-none\"><blockquote class=\"uagb-blockquote\"><div class=\"uagb-blockquote__content\">Caltech researchers have developed a groundbreaking method to measure soil moisture using seismic detectors and traffic noise. This innovative approach offers real-time data, aiding water management and conservation.<\/div><footer><div class=\"uagb-blockquote__author-wrap uagb-blockquote__author-at-left\"><\/div><\/footer><\/blockquote><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b0ffac9c wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\"><div style=\"font-size:16px\" class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-post-author\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-author__content\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-author__name\">The University Network<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share uagb-social-share__outer-wrap uagb-social-share__layout-horizontal uagb-block-ee584a31\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-ec619ce7\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"facebook\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256c0 123.8 90.69 226.4 209.3 245V327.7h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.28c-30.8 0-40.41 19.12-40.41 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V501C413.3 482.4 504 379.8 504 256z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-32d99934\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"twitter\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-1d136f14\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"linkedin\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A remarkable innovation from Caltech researchers is set to transform how we measure moisture levels in soil, a crucial factor for water management and agricultural productivity. The team has harnessed seismic detectors traditionally used for earthquake monitoring to gauge soil moisture in the vadose zone \u2014 the region between the surface and underground aquifers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Innovative Method<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Caltech\u2019s groundbreaking method pivots away from satellite imaging, which provides only low-resolution averages and cannot penetrate below the surface. Instead, the researchers leveraged vibrations from everyday activities, such as traffic, to understand moisture levels underground. These vibrations slow down when they encounter water, allowing scientists to determine moisture content with unprecedented accuracy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Collaborative Effort<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The project, a collaborative endeavor between hydrologist Xiaojing (Ruby) Fu and seismologist Zhongwen Zhan, harnesses a technique known as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). This method utilizes lasers pointed into unused underground fiber-optic cables, transforming them into an extensive network of seismic sensors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After a  7.2 magnitude earthquake hit Ridgecrest, California, Zhan had assembled a DAS array on a nearby cable so as to measure aftershocks. The team soon realized this setup could also track how soil moisture fluctuated over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Significant Findings<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Over five years, the research team collected and modeled data to illustrate how vadose zone moisture varies. The study found a significant decrease in moisture in the Ridgecrest region during California\u2019s historic drought from 2019 to 2022. Yan Yang, a graduate student in geophysics and co-first author of the study, noted the broader implications of these findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cFrom the top 20 meters of soil in the Ridgecrest region, we can extrapolate to the entire Mojave desert,\u201d Yang said in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltech.edu\/about\/news\/seismic-detectors-measure-soil-moisture-using-traffic-noise\" title=\"\">news release<\/a>. \u201cOur rough estimation is that every year, the Mojave vadose zone loses an amount of water equivalent to the Hoover Dam. Over the drought years of 2019 through 2022, the vadose zone has been drier and drier.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Broader Applications<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ability to monitor soil moisture in real-time is a critical advancement for water conservation efforts. Next, the team aims to apply this technology to different regions to see how various climates affect soil moisture dynamics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe know this method works really well for this particular site,\u201d Fu said in the news release. \u201cMany other interesting regions with the same climate could have different hydrological processes, like central California, where farming operations withdraw water, but the region also receives snowmelt from the Sierra Nevada mountains.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Support and Future Directions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This pioneering work has been funded and supported by Caltech&#8217;s Resnick Sustainability Institute (RSI) and the National Science Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThis is exactly the type of interdisciplinary, creative science that the Resnick Institute was designed to support,\u201d added Neil Fromer, executive director of programs with RSI. \u201cBringing together colleagues that otherwise wouldn\u2019t have worked together, and in that collaboration develop new tools that can help measure and manage water availability more sustainably.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study\u2019s findings are detailed in the paper titled &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-50690-6\" title=\"\">Fiber-optic seismic sensing of vadose zone soil moisture dynamics<\/a>,&#8221; published in Nature Communications. The research team includes Zhichao Shen, who is currently a postdoctoral investigator at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Kyra H. Adams of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Ettore Biondi, a DAS scientist at Caltech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This innovative approach holds promise not just for advancing scientific understanding but for providing actionable insights into water management and agricultural practices, potentially changing the landscape of how we monitor and utilize one of our most vital resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A remarkable innovation from Caltech researchers is set to transform how we measure moisture levels in soil, a crucial factor for water management and agricultural productivity. The team has harnessed seismic detectors traditionally used for earthquake monitoring to gauge soil moisture in the vadose zone \u2014 the region between the surface and underground aquifers. Innovative [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-no-separators","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sustainability"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover how Caltech researchers are using seismic technology and everyday traffic noise to measure soil moisture in the vadose zone, potentially transforming water management and agricultural practices.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"The University Network\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tun.com\/home\/caltech-uses-seismic-detectors-and-traffic-noise-to-revolutionize-soil-moisture-measurement\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TUN - 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The team has harnessed seismic detectors traditionally used for earthquake monitoring to gauge soil moisture in the vadose zone \u2014 the region between the surface and underground aquifers. 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